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What are the directions for troubleshooting when the conductivity of water treatment equipment suddenly rises? The core reason for a sudden increase in conductivity is a sharp rise in the ion concentration in the water. Troubleshooting should follow the sequence of 'water source → equipment → operation → environment,' focusing on four main areas to quickly pinpoint the problem.
1. Water Source Side: The Most Common External Triggers
Sudden changes in raw water quality: Maintenance of municipal water supply pipelines, switching water sources, or contamination of groundwater/surface water (such as industrial wastewater mixing in or rainfall washing salts from the surface) can cause a sharp rise in the ion concentration of raw water.
Inflow bypass leakage: Wastewater or regeneration solutions with high salt content (such as brine used for softener regeneration) accidentally mixing into the raw water pipeline can directly increase conductivity.
Sampling errors: Sampling containers not being properly cleaned (residual salts) or samples being left for too long (water evaporates and concentrates) can lead to falsely high test values.
2. Equipment side: internal malfunction or filter media/resin failure
Filtration/softening unit failure: Filter media (such as quartz sand) is damaged or the filter bed is loose, making it unable to trap impurities; softener resin is poisoned, regeneration is incomplete, or resin leaks, resulting in calcium and magnesium ions not being removed from the water.
Membrane element damage (if there is a reverse osmosis/nanofiltration process): Membrane sheets are broken or seals are aged, allowing high-conductivity raw water to pass directly through the membrane and mix with the product water.
Equipment leakage: Pipelines, valves, or flange connections leak, causing high-salinity concentrate or external wastewater to seep into the product water side.
3. Operation and process side: manual adjustments or parameter anomalies
Improper chemical dosing: Overdosing of flocculants or disinfectants (such as chlorine-containing agents), or the chemicals themselves containing high levels of salt impurities, increases the ion content in the water.
Backwash/regeneration operation errors: The rinse water used during backwashing (such as brine) is not completely drained, or the regeneration solution (such as NaCl solution) flows back to the product water end.
Sudden changes in operating parameters: Excessive filtration flow rates or large pressure fluctuations can cause instability in the filter/membrane layer, reducing ion rejection efficiency.
4. Environment and Testing Aspects: Issues Not Related to Water Quality
Conductivity meter malfunction: electrode contamination, calibration failure, or abnormal instrument power supply can cause distorted measurement data (can be verified by calibrating the instrument or replacing the electrode).
Environmental factors: a sudden rise in the temperature of the testing environment (higher temperatures increase ion activity, resulting in higher conductivity readings), or the water sample being contaminated by external salts during testing (e.g., contact with salts on hands during handling).
